Artificial Intelligence-
vkfVZfQf'k;y baVsfytsal ds firk tkWu eSdkFkhZ ds vuqlkj] ^;g baVsyhtsaV e'khu] fo'ks"k :i ls baVsyhtsaV daI;wVj çksxzke cukus dk foKku vkSj bathfu;fjax* gSA vkfVZfQf'k;y baVsfytsal ,d daI;wVj] ,d daI;wVj&fu;af=r jkscksV ;k ,d baVsyhtsaV lkW¶Vos;j gS] tks cqf)eku O;fä dh rjg lksprk gSA
AI esa bl ckr dk v/;;u fd;k tkrk gS fd ekuo efLr"d dSls lksprk gS] vkSj euq"; dSls fdlh leL;k dks gy djus dk ç;kl djrs gq, lh[krs gSa] fu.kZ; ysrs gSa vkSj dke djrs gSa vkSj fQj cqf)eku lkW¶Vos;j vkSj flLVe fodflr djus ds fy, bl v/;;u ds ifj.kkeksa dk mi;ksx djrs gSaA vkfVZfdf'k;y baVsfytsal dk mi;ksx vkt daI;wVj fotu] Hkk"k.k igpku fu.kZ; ysus] /kkj.k rdZ] laKkuRed {kerkvksa bR;kfn fofHkUu vuqç;ksxksa ds fy, O;kid :i ls fd;k tkrk gSA
Goals of AI ¼d`f=e cqf)eÙkk ds y{;½
• ,DliVZ flLVe fØ,V djus ds fy,& os flLVe tks cqf)eku O;ogkj çnf'kZr djrs gSa] lh[krs gSa] çnf'kZr djrs gSa] le>rs gSa vkSj vius mi;ksxdrkZvksa dks lykg nsrs gSaA
• e'khuksa esa áweu baVsfytsal ykxw djus ds fy,& ,sls flLVe cukuk tks balkuksa dh rjg le>sa] lkspsa] lh[ksa vkSj O;ogkj djsaA
Application of AI- vkfVZfQf'k;y baVsfytsal ,d foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh gS tks daI;wVj foKku] tho foKku] euksfoKku] xf.kr vkSj bathfj;fjax tSls fo"k;ksa ij vk/kkfjr gSA ,vkbZ dk ,d çeq[k {ks= ekuo cqf) ls tqM+s daI;wVj dk;kssaZ ds fodkl esa gS] tSls rdZ] lh[kuk vkSj leL;k&lek/kkuA ,vkbZ ds fuEufyf[kr vuqç;ksx gSa&
o uspqjy ySaXost çkslsflax
o pSV ckWV
o lsaVhesaV ,ukfyfll
o lsYl çsfMD'ku
o lsYQ Mªkbfoax dkj
o Qsf'kvy ,Dlçs'ku fjdfXu'ku
o best VSfxax
AI esa çksxzkfeax Hkk"kk,¡ fuEufyf[kr gSa&
o ikbFkkWu
o vkj
o fyLi
o çksyksx
o tkok
• Vîwfjax VsLV e'khu ekuo Lrj dh cqf)eÙkk ls esy [kkus dh {kerk dk ifj{k.k djus dh ,d fof/k gSA ekuo cqf) dks pqukSrh nsus ds fy, ftl e'khu dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS vkSj tc og ijh{k.k ikl djrk gS] rks mls cqf)eku ekuk tkrk gSA
• ,d d`f=e cqf)eku dk;ZØe ftlesa fdlh fof'k"V {ks= ds ckjs esa fo'ks"kK&Lrjh; Kku gksrk gS A bu ç.kkfy;ksa esa ,d ekuo fo'ks"kK dks LFkkukiUu djus dh fo'ks"krk gSA mudh fo'ks"krk,¡ gSa&
o mPp çn'kZu
o i;kZIr çfrfØ;k le;
o fo'oluh;rk
o le>us ;ksX;
• e'khu yfuaZx dks ,vkbZ dk lclsV dgk tkrk gSA euq"; }kjk yxkrkj buiqV ekinaMksa ds lkFk e'khu lh[krh tk,axh vkSj le; ij dk;ksaZ esa csgrj gks tk,axhA e'khu yfuaZx ,vkbZ dk ,d O;kogkfjd vuqç;ksx gSA
• U;wjy usVodZ e'khu yfuaZx ,YxkksfjFe dk ,d oxZ gSA U;wjy usVodZ dk U;wjkWy fgLlk ,d dEI;wVs'kuy ?kVd gS vkSj usVodZ og fgLlk gS tks ;g crkrk gS fd U;wjkWUl dSls tqM+s gSaA U;wjy usVodZ vkil esa MsVk ikl djrs gSa] vf/kd ls vf/kd tkudkjh ,df=r djrs gSa A
• Mhi yfuaZx e'khu yfuaZx dk lclsV gksrk gSA ;g rsth ls tfVy rjhdksa ls MsVk lalkf/kr djus ds fy, cgq&Lrfjr U;wjy usVodZ dk mi;ksx djus ds fy, lanfHkZr djrk gS vkSj igpkuus vkSj çfØ;k ,uQkWesZ'ku esa fujarj lq/kkj ds fy, lkW¶Vos;j dks best fjdfXu'ku tSls dk;ksaZ dks djus ds fy, çf'kf{kr djus esa l{ke cukrk gSA
okLrfod nqfu;k esa Kku ds dqN vokafNr xq.k gSa&
• bldh ek=k cgqr cM+h gS] tks vdYiuh; gSA
• ;g lqO;ofLFkr ;k lqlfTtr ugha gSaA
• ;g yxkrkj cnyrk jgrk gSaA
,vkbZ rduhd bl rjg ls dq'kyrkiwoZd Kku dks O;ofLFkr djus vkSj mi;ksx djus dk ,d rjhdk gS fd&
• bls çnku djus okys yksxksa }kjk fopkj fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
• =qfV;ksa dks lgh djus ds fy, bls vklkuh ls la'kksf/kr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
• ;g dbZ fLFkfr;ksa esa mi;ksxh gksuh pkfg,A
,vkbZ rduhd ml tfVy dk;ZØe ds fu"iknu dks c<+krh gS ftlls og lqlfTtr gSaA
Applications of AI& ,vkbZ fofHkUu {ks=ksa esa çeq[k gS tSls fd&
• Gaming ¼xsfeax½& ,vkbZ j.kuhfrd [ksyksa tSls 'krjat] iksdj] fVd&VSd&Vks vkfn esa ,d egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrk gS] tgk¡ ,d e'khu gs;wfjfLVd Kku ds vk/kkj ij laHkkfor inksa ds ckjs esa lksp ldrh gSA
• Natural Language Processing ¼çkd`frd Hkk"kk çlaLdj.k½& dEI;wVj ekuo }kjk cksyh tkus okyh çkd`frd Hkk"kk dks le> ldrk gSA
• Expert Systems ¼fo'ks"kK ç.kkyh½& dqN ,Iyhds'ku ;k e'khu mi;ksxdrkZvksa dks lykg çnku djrs gSaA
• Vision Systems ¼fotu flLVe½& ;s flLVe daI;wVj ds fotqvy buiqV dks le>rs gSa] mldh O;k[;k djrs gSa vkSj mls le>rs gSaA mnkgj.k ds fy,&
·,d tklwlh gokbZ tgkt rLohjsa ysrk gS] ftudk mi;ksx LFkkfud tkudkjh ;k {ks=ksa ds uD'ks dk irk yxkus ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA
·jksxh dk funku djus ds fy, MkWDVj uSnkfud fo'ks"kK ç.kkyh dk mi;ksx djrs gSaA
·iqfyl daI;wVj lkW¶Vos;j dk mi;ksx djrh gS tks QkWjsafld dykdkj }kjk cuk, x, fp= ls vijk/kh ds psgjs dks igpku ldrh gSA
• Speech Recognition ¼Hkk"kk fjdkWfXu'ku½& dqN cqf)eku ç.kkfy;k¡ Hkk"kk dks lquus vkSj le>us esa l{ke gSaA ;g fofHkUu ygts] i`"BHkwfe esa 'kksj]BaM ds dkj.k ekuo ds Loj esa cnyko vkfn dks laHkky ldrk gSA
• Handwriting Recognition ¼gSaMjkbfVax fjdkWfXu'ku½& gSaMjkbfVax fjdfX'ku lkW¶Vos;j isu ;k LVkbyl }kjk dkxt@LØhu ij fy[ks x, VsDLV dks i<+rk gSA ;g v{kjksa dks igpku ldrk gS vkSj laiknu ;ksX; ikB esa cny ldrk gSA
• Intelligent Robots ¼cqf)eku jkscksV½& jkscksV ekuo }kjk fn, x, dk;ksaZ dks djus esa l{ke gSaA muds ikl okLrfod nqfu;k ls çdk'k] xehZ] rkieku] xfr] /ofu] VDdj vkSj ncko tSls HkkSfrd MsVk dk irk yxkus ds fy, lsalj gSaA cqf)eÙkk dk çn'kZu djus ds fy, muds ikl dq'ky çkslslj] lsalj vkSj fo'kky eseksjh gSa] os viuh xyfr;ksa ls lh[kus esa l{ke gSaA